新时代十年我国特殊教育政策变迁历程、特征与影响因素

Changes in China’s Special Education Policy within the Ten Years in the New Era:History,Characteristics and Influencing Factors

特殊教育是我国教育系统中不可或缺的一部分,而特殊教育政策为其发展提供了科学化的操作指南,有利于特殊教育的改革与发展。新时代十年,我国从扩大教育对象范围、完善特殊教育体系、建设经济保障机制、建设特殊教育教师队伍、丰富教育教学内容等方面,出台了一系列教育政策。在特殊教育政策变迁的过程中,呈现出国家改革力度持续加强,经费保障机制不断完善与教育教学模式逐步转变的特征,其影响因素主要有国家主导、舆论作用、实践指引及区域影响。

Special education is an indispensable part of China’s education system,and the special education policy provides a scientific operation guide for its development and is conducive to the reform and development of special education.China’s special education policy has introduced a series of education policies in terms of expanding the scope of education objects,improving the special education system,building an economic security mechanism,making a team of special education teachers,and broadening the content of education and teaching within the ten years in the new era.The process of special education policy changes shows the characteristics as follows:reforms are increasingly supported by the country in a continuous way,continuous improvement has been achieved in funding guarantee mechanisms,and education and teaching models has undergone gradual transformation.The main influencing factors are the leading factors of the state,the role of public opinion,practical guidance and regional influence.