热应激对反刍动物乳中脂肪酸合成的影响及其机制

Effects of Heat Stress on Fatty Acid Synthesis in Lactating Ruminants and Its Mechanism

随着全球气候变暖和极端天气的频发,反刍动物因其不耐热的特点易在夏季高温天气遭受热应激,进而影响其乳产量和乳品质。热应激已经成为制约奶业发展的重要影响因素之一。乳中脂肪酸的含量和组成与人类的健康密切相关,但目前尚不清楚热应激对其具体的影响及其作用机制。为此,本文系统综述了热应激对乳中脂肪酸组成、物质代谢过程和乳腺乳合成能力等方面的影响及其分子机制,以期为缓解反刍动物热应激并完善精准营养饲喂提供理论参考。

With the global warming and frequent occurrence of extreme weather,ruminants are more likely to suffer from heat stress induced by high temperature in summer,which results in a lower milk yield and poor milk quality.Thus,heat stress has become one of the most important factors that restrict the development of dairy industry.The content and profile of fatty acids in milk are closely related to human health,but the underlying mechanisms of heat stress regulating fatty acids synthesis are not well characterized.The objective of this article is to summary the research progress about fatty acids synthesis in lactating ruminants under heat stress from three aspects including substrate availability,metabolic pathways and synthetic ability of mammary gland,which contributes to provide theoretical reference for alleviating heat stress and improving precision nutrition feeding of dairy cows.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(11):6904-6910]