基于代谢组学研究高产与低产奶牛血浆差异代谢物及代谢通路分析

Analysis of Differential Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways in Plasma of High-Yielding and Low-Yielding Dairy Cows Based on Metabolomics

本试验旨在研究相同饲喂条件下高产与低产奶牛血浆代谢物特征。每组选择体况与胎次[(2.04±0.81)胎]相近、泌乳天数[(23.58±8.80) d]相近的高产[产奶量(40.56±1.57) kg/d]和低产[产奶量(25.17±1.66) kg/d]荷斯坦奶牛各12头。采用基于液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)的血浆代谢组学技术,研究了高产与低产奶牛血浆差异代谢物,并对其代谢通路进行了分析。结果表明:高产和低产奶牛血浆中共筛选出27个差异代谢物。与低产奶牛相比,高产奶牛血浆中牛磺酸、胆酸、猪胆酸、甘氨熊脱氧胆酸、脱氧胆酸、L-亮氨酸、吲哚-3-甲醇、吲哚-3-乙酰胺等18个代谢物上调,苯乙酰甘氨酸、苯乙酸及对羟基苯乙醇等9个代谢物下调。与低产奶牛相比,高产奶牛胆汁分泌、初级胆汁酸生物合成以及色氨酸代谢增强,苯丙氨酸代谢、叶酸拮抗剂抗性相对减弱。由此可见,通过苯丙氨酸、色氨酸以及叶酸等营养物质调控奶牛产奶量提高具有一定研究潜力,胆汁酸分泌调控对于奶牛产奶性能发挥也具有一定理论研究价值。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the plasma metabolic characteristics of high-yielding and low-yielding dairy cows under the same feeding conditions.Selected high-yielding[milk yield(40.56 ±1.57)kg/d]and low-yielding[milk yield(25.17±1.66)kg/d]dairy cows with similar body condition and parity[(2.04±0.81)fetuses]and lactation days[(23.58 ±8.80)d],and there were 12 Holstein cows in each group.Using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)-based plasma metabolomics technology,the differential metabolites in the plasma of high-yielding and low-yielding dairy cows were studied,and their metabolic pathways were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 27 differential metabolites in plasma of high-yielding and low-yielding cows were screened.Compared with the low-yielding dairy cows,18 metabolites such as taurine,cholic acid,hyocholic scid,glycoursodeoxycholic acid,deoxycholic acid,L-leucine,indole-3-carbinol and indole-3-acetamide in plasma of high-yielding cows were up-regulated,and 9 metabolites including phenylacetylglycine,phenylacetic acid and p-coumaryl alcohol were down regulated.Compared with low-yielding cows,the bile secretion,primary bile acid biosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism of high-yielding cows were enhanced,while the phenylalanine metabolism and antifolate resistance were relatively weakened.In conclusion,the regulation of milk production in dairy cows by nutrients such as phenylalanine,tryptophan and folic acid has certain research potential,and the regulation of bile acid secretion also has certain theoretical research value on the performance of dairy cows.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(11):7381-7391]