现制茶饮质量安全风险分析与对策探讨

Risk Analysis and Countermeasures of Quality and Safety of Fresh Tea

目的:提高湖南省衡阳市现制茶饮食品安全风险防范和控制水平,加强现制茶饮的质量监管。方法:通过收集的衡阳市各区5个不同品牌茶饮门店25个不同品种样品,依据《食品安全国家标准饮料》(GB 7101—2015)重点检测菌落总数和大肠菌群,结合查阅相关媒体报道及文献资料,分析衡阳市现制茶饮的潜在风险及产生原因,针对性地提出相应的监管措施及应对策略。结果:25批样品都存在不同程度的菌落总数污染,最高者达2.2×10^(7)CFU·mL^(-1);22批存在不同程度的大肠菌群污染,最高者达4.0×10^(6)CFU·mL^(-1),食品卫生状况整体不佳;以来源于同一门店的检测结果做平均值分析比较,结果最低者为“C”品牌门店,最高者为“X”品牌门店,提示“X”品牌门店的饮品微生物污染风险最高。结论:市场监管部门应加大检查力度,进一步规范现制茶饮经营门店的配制行为;检测机构应加大现制茶饮标准的研发力度,尽早研究制定现制茶饮食品安全标准;经营门店应提高管理水平,规范经营行为;舆论应加强对消费者食品安全消费的宣传教育,提高公众的食品安全意识和维权意识。通过各方共同努力,促进现制茶饮行业长远向好发展。

Objective:To improve the level of food safety risk prevention and control of fresh tea in Hengyang city,Hunan province,and strengthen the quality supervision of fresh tea.Method:Based on 25 samples of different varieties collected from 5 tea stores of different brands in each district of Hengyang city,the total number of colonies and coliforms were mainly detected according to GB 7101—2015.And the potential risks and causes of instant tea drinks in our city were analyzed by consulting relevant media reports and literature,put forward corresponding regulatory measures and countermeasures.Result:There were different degrees of total bacterial count pollution in 25 batches of samples,and the highest was 2.2×10^(7) CFU·mL^(-1).22 batches were contaminated with coliform bacteria in varying degrees,with the highest of 4.0×10^(6) CFU·mL^(-1),and the overall food safety and hygiene status was poor.Based on the average analysis and comparison of the test results from the same store samples,the lowest is“C”brand store,and the highest is“X”brand store,which indicates that the risk of microbial contamination of drinks in the“X”brand store is the highes.Conclusion:The market supervision department should strengthen the inspection and further standardize the preparation behavior of existing tea stores.Testing institutions should strengthen the research and development of on-site tea drinking standards,and study and formulate on-site tea drinking food safety standards as soon as possible.To operate stores,we should improve the management level and standardize the business behavior.Public opinion should strengthen the publicity and education of consumers’food safety consumption,and improve the public’s awareness of food safety and rights protection.Through the joint efforts of all parties,promote the long-term development of the existing tea industry.