2015—2020年兰州市妇女宫颈癌筛查结果分析

Analysis of Cervical Cancer Screening Results among Women in Lanzhou from 2015 to 2020

目的:了解兰州市宫颈癌筛查工作开展情况,为进一步提高辖区妇女宫颈癌早诊早治率、降低疾病死亡率提供科学依据。方法:依托国家“两癌”筛查项目,分析2015—2020年兰州市妇女宫颈癌筛查结果和宫颈病变人群的患病特征。结果:2015—2020年兰州市接受免费宫颈癌筛查的妇女共有275123人,其中,宫颈癌初筛阳性者共计6254例,初筛阳性率为2.27%。2015—2020年,宫颈癌初筛阳性率呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1405.612,P<0.05);阴道镜异常检出率呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1207.070,P<0.05)。2015—2020年兰州市共计筛出宫颈癌患者108例,宫颈癌检出率为39.26/10万,且呈逐年升高的趋势(χ^(2)=386.455,P<0.05);共计筛出宫颈癌及癌前病变患者701例,检出率为254.80/10万,且呈逐年升高的趋势(χ^(2)=32.022,P<0.05)。筛查出的宫颈疾病人群中,以低级别病变和宫颈癌前病变为主,占比94.28%;筛查人群妇科疾病的总体检出率呈下降趋势,主要以细菌性阴道病为主,检出率为6.72%。结论:2015—2020年兰州市宫颈癌筛查工作质量不断提高,提升筛查机构人员的业务水平和妇女群体的自身保健意识是防治宫颈癌发生的重要措施。

OBJECTIVE To understand the development of cervical cancer screening in Lanzhou from 2015 to 2020,and to provide scientific basis for further improving the rate of early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer among women in the jurisdiction and reducing the mortality rate of the disease.METHODS Relying on the national"two cancers"screening project,the results of cervical cancer screening in Lanzhou from 2015 to 2020 and the prevalence characteristics of cervical lesions were analyzed.RESULTS From 2015 to 2020,a total of 275123 women in Lanzhou received free cervical cancer examinations,among which 6254 were positive at the initial screening,with a positive rate of 2.27%.There were 108 cases of cervical cancer,and the detection rate of cervical cancer was 39.26/100000;701 cases of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions were detected,and the detection rate was 254.80/100000,and the trend of increasing year by year(χ^(2)=32.022,P<0.05).Among the screening subjects suffering from cervical diseases,low-grade lesions and cervical precancerous lesions were the main ones,accounting for 94.28%;the overall detection rate of gynecological diseases showed a downward trend,mainly bacterial vaginosis,with a detection rate of 6.72%.CONCLUSION The quality of cervical cancer screening in Lanzhou from 2015 to 2020 has been continuously improved.It is an important opportunity to prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer by improving the professional level of personnel in screening institutions and the awareness of women’s self-care.