基于甲虫后翅的仿生扑翼振动模态特性分析

Vibration Modal Characteristics Analysis of Bionic Flapping Wing Based on Hind Wing of Beetle

扑翼微型飞行器(FWMAV)的动力主要来源于机翼在低雷诺数下的高频扑动,在空气动力、惯性力以及机翼弹性力的综合作用下,机翼结构在发生形变的同时也会发生振动并影响微飞行器的动稳定性。针对扑翼振动特性的问题,本文获取了甲虫后翅的几何形貌参数和翅脉结构,发现后翅的前缘脉(C)和次前缘脉(Sc)中分布有体液微流;并在获取后翅材料力学数据的基础上,建立了三种不同翅脉结构(实心、空心、“空心+体液”)的后翅力学耦合模型;利用ANSYS对该力学耦合模型进行了振动模态特性分析,结果表明,在后翅扑动频率范围内,“空心+体液”的模型既能获得轴向和展向的变形能力,又能保持后翅基本形态,具有更优的动稳定性。

The power of flapping-wing micro air vehicle(FWMAV) mainly comes from the high-frequency flapping of the wing under low Reynolds number. Under the combined action of aerodynamic force, inertia force and elastic force of wing, the deformation of wing structure will produce vibration and affect the dynamic stability of the micro air vehicle. In order to solve the problem of flapping wing vibration characteristics, we obtaine the geometric morphology parameters and wing vein structure of the hind wing of beetle, and find that there are fluid microflows in the leading edge veins C and the secondary leading edge veins Sc of the hind wing. Based on the mechanical data of hind wing materials, the mechanical coupling models of three different wing veins(solid, hollow, hollow + fluid) are established.The modal vibration characteristics are analyzed by ANSYS, and results show that the hollow + fluid model can not only obtain the axial and extensional deformation ability, but also keep the basic shape of the hind wing, and has better dynamic stability in the range of flapping frequency.