前交叉韧带重建股骨骨隧道定位的理论依据及演变

Theoretical basis and evolution of femoral tunnel localization in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

前交叉韧带损伤是一种常见的膝关节运动损伤,关节镜下前交叉韧带重建术是目前的主要治疗手段。前交叉韧带重建术后效果受到多种因素影响,其中股骨骨隧道定位是决定手术成败的关键因素。经过近一个世纪的不断探索和发展,相继出现了等长定位点、解剖单束定位点、解剖双束定位点、低张力区定位点、直接纤维定位点、椭圆骨道定位点、理想定位点(idealpoint)和类等长点等一系列理论。本文就这些股骨骨道定位理论的产生、发展、特点及演变进程进行系统性总结和分析,以期给临床实践和后续研究提供借鉴。

Anterior cruciate ligament injury is a common sport injury of the knee with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy being the main treatment methods.The results of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are afected by many factors,among which the positioning of the femoral tunnel is the determinant factor.A senies of theories about femoral tunnel location have been raised over the past century,including isometric point,anatomical singe-bundle point,anatomical double bundle point,low-tension point,direct-fiber-insertion point,oval-tunnel point,isometric-direct fiber-eccentric-anatomic-low tension(IDEAL)point and near-isometric point.The formation,development,characters,and evolution process of these theories were systematacially analyzed in this artiele for clinical reference and further rescarch.