青海省环湖地区包虫病监测情况与分析

Surveillance and Analysis of Hydatidosis in Qinghai Province Lake Area

为了评估青海省环湖地区包虫病终末宿主驱虫、中间宿主免疫、屠宰场废弃物管理的效果,掌握包虫病防治情况及现状,本试验采用羊包虫病免疫抗体检测、牛羊脏器检查、犬剖检和犬粪抗原检测方法,对本省环湖地区羊、牛、犬进行包虫病监测。并对2018—2020年环湖地区包虫病的监测情况进行汇总分析。结果显示:在所检测的47737份各类样品中,包括羊血清7439份,羊免疫抗体平均合格率为71.54%;羊脏器21723副,平均阳性率为0.81%;牛脏器5099副,平均阳性率为2.00%;犬粪12919份,抗原平均阳性率为2.44%;剖检犬557条,平均阳性率为3.23%;总体来看,2018—2020年本省环湖地区牛脏器检查、羊脏器检查、犬粪抗原和犬剖检的结果均是感染率逐年下降。由此可见,青海省环湖地区包虫病的防治效果较好,同时,应督促监测结果阳性率高的地区,切实做好犬驱虫、羊免疫和牛、羊病变脏器的无害化处理工作,以降低包虫病在人兽间的流行传播。

In order to evaluate the effect of terminal host deworming,intermediate host immunization and slaughterhouse waste management of hydatidosis in Qinghai Province lake area,and assess the current situation of hydatidosis prevention and control,this study conducted antibody detection against sheep hydatidosis,cattle and sheep viscera examination,dog autopsy,dog fecal antigen detection on sheep,cattle and dogs from the areas,and analyzed the surveillance data on hydatidosis in the areas during 2018—2020.The results showed that the total of 47737 test samples included 7439 sheep serum samples,with the average qualified rate of sheep immune antibody of 71.54%;21723 sheep organs,with the average positive rate of 0.81%;5099 cattle organs,with the average positive rate of 2.00%;12919 dog feces,with the average positive rate of dog feces antigen of 2.44%;557 autopsy dogs,with the average positive rate of 3.23%.The results of cattle organ examination,sheep organ examination,dog fecal antigen and dog autopsy in the areas indicated that the infection rate decreased from 2018 to 2020.Thus,the control effect on hydatidosis in Qinghai Province lake area appeared to be sound,and for the areas with high positive rates,dog deworming,sheep immunization and harmless treatment of diseased organs of cattle and sheep should be maintained to reduce the epidemic transmission of hydatidosis between human and livestock.