数智时代国际基础学科计算思维教育发展的策略、方向与启示--《PISA 2022数学框架》之思考

Strategies,Directions and Enlightenment of the Development of International Basic Discipline Computational Thinking Education in the Digital and Intelligent Age:Reflections on PISA 2022 Mathematics Framework

为测评各国对基础教育数字化发展与K-12教育阶段学生数字素养(Digital Literacy)的真实水平,PISA项目组在《PISA 2022数学框架》融入了计算思维(Computational Thinking)教育评估的相关内容,旨在通过评估数学学科中学生计算思维能力表现及其教育现状,探索通过学科教育培养计算思维进而发展青少年数字素养的有效途径。《PISA 2022数学框架》的内容,表明了在数学框架中融入计算思维评估的原因与诉求,展示了数学学科中计算思维融入的具体策略,体现了国际学科计算思维教育对基于学科背景下的跨学科教育思维培养的重视,力图从问题解决到数字素养的计算思维教育理念转变,探索基于项目驱动下的21世纪技能培养以及建构技术融入的数字化教学环境等愿景的发展路径。对《PISA 2022数学框架》的分析和解读,可为我国青少年计算思维教育和基础学科教育教学数字化发展,提供参考与借鉴。

In order to evaluate the digital development of basic education and the real level of digital literacy of students in K-12 education stage in various countries,PISA integrates the relevant contents of computational thinking education evaluation into the mathematics framework in 2022,and tries to evaluate the performance of computational thinking ability of middle school students in mathematics and their education status,to explore an effective way to cultivate computational thinking and develop teenagers’digital literacy through subject education.PISA 2022 Mathematics Framework describes the reasons and demands for integrating computational thinking into the mathematics framework,shows the specific strategies for integrating computational thinking into mathematics,and reflects the development directions in international discipline computational thinking education:attach importance to the cultivation of interdisciplinary educational thinking based on the discipline background,try to change the concept of computational thinking education from problem solving to digital literacy,explore the 21st century skills cultivation based on project driven and build a digital teaching environment vision of technology integration.The deeply thinking on PISA 2022 Mathematics Framework can provide reference for the digital development of Chinese teenagers’computational thinking education and basic discipline education and teaching.