川崎病诊断过程中需要注意的临床细节

Clinical details in the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease

川崎病(Kawasaki disease,KD)是5岁以下儿童后天获得性心脏病的主要原因之一。KD的临床表现包括发热、四肢末梢改变、皮疹或卡介苗接种处红肿、双侧球结膜充血、口唇和口腔改变、颈部淋巴结非化脓性肿大及全身其他系统表现。由于KD临床表现的不同步性造成其诊断困难,该文参考最新KD病例报道及研究进展,对KD诊断过程中需要注意的临床细节进行总结,以提高临床诊断水平。

Kawasaki disease(KD)is one of the leading causes of acquired heart diseases in children aged under 5 years.The clinical manifestations of KD include fever,changes in the extremities,rash or redness at the site of bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination,bilateral bulbar conjunctival hyperemia,changes in lips and mouth,nonsuppurative cervical lymphadenopathy,and other systemic manifestations.There are difficulties in the diagnosis of KD due to its asynchronous clinical manifestations.With reference to the latest case reports and research advances in KD,this article summarizes the clinical details in the diagnosis of KD,so as to improve the level of clinical diagnosis of KD.