奉节脐橙皮色素的提取工艺优化及稳定性研究

Optimization of extraction of pigment from Fengjie navel orange peel and its stability

选择双水相-内部沸腾协同法提取奉节脐橙皮中的色素,并利用单因素实验和响应面实验优化液料比、提取温度和提取时间等提取条件,还通过3次平行实验验证实验结果,且考察了几种常见金属离子、氧化剂、还原剂、常见的食品添加剂及碱性条件和酸性条件对脐橙皮色素稳定性的影响。结果表明,最佳提取工艺条件为:液料比45∶1mL/g,提取温度60℃,提取时间10min,此时的吸光度理论预测值为0.272。3次验证实验所得提取液吸光度平均值为0.264,与理论值0.272的相对偏差为-2.94%。色素的稳定性测试表明,Cu^(2+)、K^(+)、Al^(3+)、Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)有较强的增色作用,Fe^(3+)会使脐橙皮色素稳定性降低;氧化剂双氧水对脐橙皮色素稳定性没有明显影响,还原剂亚硫酸氢钠则会一定程度削弱脐橙皮色素稳定性;食品添加剂柠檬酸钠和山梨酸钾对脐橙皮色素稳定性没有明显影响;碱性条件会增强脐橙皮色素的颜色,而酸性条件则会使脐橙皮色素稳定性降低。

The synergistic method of aqueous two phase and inner ebullition was selected to extract pigment from Fengjie navel orange peel.The extraction conditions of liquid-solid ratio,extraction temperature and extraction time,were optimized by single-factor experiments and response surface experiments.Three parallel experiments were used to verify the experimental results.Influence of common metal ions,oxidant,reductant,common food additives,and alkaline condition and acidic condition on the stability of pigment in navel orange peel were tested.The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were liquid-solid ratio of 45∶1mL/g,extraction temperature 60℃,and extraction time 10min;the theoretical predicted value of absorbance was 0.272.The results from three parallel experiments showed that the average extract absorbance was 0.264,which was very close to the theoretical value,with a deviation of-2.94%.The stability test of pigment indicated that the Cu^(2+)、K^(+)、Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Al^(3+) had strong increment effect on the color,Fe^(3+) had certain weakening effect on the color,the oxidant hydrogen peroxide had no significant influence on the stability;the reductant sodium bisulfite had certain weakening effect on the stability;the food additives sodium citrate and potassium sorbate had no significant influence on the stability,and alkaline condition could make the color enhanced;and acidic condition could weaken the stability.