不同复合涂膜在采后双孢蘑菇贮藏保鲜中的应用

Effects of Different Combined-coating Treatments on Postharvest Storage and Preservation of Agaricus bisporus

双孢蘑菇(Agaricus bisporus)因味道鲜美且营养价值高而受到大众喜爱,但易发生褐变、开伞和子实体软化等现象,失去商品价值,因此开发合适的双孢蘑菇保鲜方法显得尤为重要。该文以魔芋胶+卡拉胶、魔芋胶+卡拉胶+乳酸链球菌素(nisin)+ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-polylysine,ε-PL)、蒸馏水处理,分别作为复合涂膜组、抑菌剂复合涂膜组和对照组,研究不同处理对双孢蘑菇采后贮藏品质及抗氧化能力的影响。结果显示,抑菌剂复合涂膜组蘑菇在贮藏6 d内均没有腐烂,整体贮藏品质优于其它两组,开伞率、呼吸速率、失重率、多酚氧化酶活性、硬度下降速率及可溶性蛋白下降程度均低于其它两组。此外,抑菌剂复合涂膜处理明显增强双孢蘑菇体内抗氧化相关酶的活性,抑制丙二醛的累积。以上结果表明,抑菌剂复合涂膜处理有利于采后双孢蘑菇的品质保持。

Agaricus bisporus is commonly preferred because of its delicious taste and high nutritional value,but it is prone to browning,cap opening,and softening of fruiting bodies,resulting in loss of commodity value.Therefore,it is particularly important to develop an appropriate fresh-keeping method for A. bisporus.In this study,a combined-coating group(konjac gum+carrageenan),an antibacterial combined-coating group [konjac gum+carrageenan+nisin+ε-polylysine(ε-PL)],and a control group(distilled water)were set up to observe the effects of different treatments on postharvest storage quality and antioxidant capacity of A. bisporus. The results showed that A. bisporus in the antibacterial combined-coating group did not rot during six days of storage,and the overall storage quality was superior to that in the other two groups. Moreover,the cap opening rate,respiration rate,water loss,polyphenol oxidase activity,the decline rate of hardness,and the decline degree of soluble protein were all lower than those in the other two groups. Furthermore,the antibacterial combined-coating treatment also significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in vivo and reduced malondialdehyde accumulation. The findings of this study indicated that the antibacterial combined-coating treatment contributed to the postharvest storage quality retention of A. bisporus.