摘要
Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are anuclear particles composed of lipid bilayers that contain nucleic acids,proteins,lipids,and organelles.EVs act as an important mediator of cell-to-cell communication by transmitting biological signals or components,including lipids,proteins,messenger RNAs,DNA,microRNAs,organelles,etc,to nearby or distant target cells to activate and regulate the function and phenotype of target cells.Under physiological conditions,EVs play an essential role in maintaining the homeostasis of the pulmonary milieu but they can also be involved in promoting the pathogenesis and progression of various respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,asthma,acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome,idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF),and pulmonary artery hypertension.In addition,in multiple preclinical studies,EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells(EVs)have shown promising therapeutic effects on reducing and repairing lung injuries.Furthermore,in recent years,researchers have explored different methods for modifying EVs or enhancing EVs-mediated drug delivery to produce more targeted and beneficial effects.This article will review the characteristics and biogenesis of EVs and their role in lung homeostasis and various acute and chronic lung diseases and the potential therapeutic application of EVs in the field of clinical medicine.
基金
This work was supported by the National Institute of Health National Heart,Lung,and Blood Institute grant number HL 113022 and HL 148781(Dr.JW Lee),the Hunan Province Health Commission Scientific Research Project(No.B2019159 to Hong Luo),the Xiangya Clinical Big Data System Construction Project in Pulmonary Inflammatory Disease of Central South University,and the National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Projects of China.
