TDI企业氯化氢吸收塔泄漏原因分析

Analysis of Leakage Causes of Hydrogen Chloride Absorption Tower in TDI Enterprises

氯化氢吸收塔是甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)企业生产盐酸的核心设备,其下部塔釜采用耐腐蚀的哈氏合金C2000制造。本研究首先通过对某起塔釜泄漏事件进行现场勘察,采用宏观分析、金相分析、化学分析等多种方法,结合设备生产制造工艺和运行工况,综合研判多种因素诱发的应力腐蚀是造成短期投用后塔釜发生泄漏的主要原因。后来通过优化制造工艺等措施大大降低了封头成形的内应力和焊接应力,维修后的设备已经稳定运行超过4年,为同类设备高质量运维提供了有益参考。

The hydrogen chloride absorption tower is the core equipment for the production of hydrochloric acid in toluene diisocyanate(TDI) enterprises. The lower tower kettle is made of corrosion-resistant Hastelloy C2000.This study investigates a tower kettle leakage event on site. Through multiple methods such as macro analysis,metallographic analysis, chemical analysis and other methods, combined with the equipment manufacturing process and operating conditions, it is comprehensively determined that stress corrosion induced by various factors is the main reason for the leakage of the tower kettle after short-term operation. By optimizing the manufacturing process and other measures, the internal stress and welding stress of the head forming are greatly reduced. The repaired equipment has been running stably for more than 4 years, providing a useful reference for the high-quality operation and maintenance of similar equipment.