轴承润滑脂氧化失效与滚动磨损的相关性

Correlation between Oxidation Failure of Bearing Grease and Rolling Wear

滚动轴承的性能,失效及润滑寿命在很大程度上都与轴承润滑脂有关。用球轴承研究了在脂润滑下滚动摩擦的磨损过程。借助于x-射线荧光光谱(XRF),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),程序计数器(PCounter)及红外光谱(IR)等对球轴承在试验过程中参数的变化进行了分析,并就滚动磨损对润滑脂性能的影响进行了探讨。对磨损颗粒的形成机制,磨损微粒与润滑脂氧化失效的相关性进行了重点分析和研究。试验数据证实了具有较高催化活性的金属磨损微粒通过自由基反应加速了润滑脂氧化失效的推论,对先前润滑脂氧化和失效机理主要受控于轴承摩擦温升及轴承环境温度影响的观点进行了修正和补充。同时借助于大数据,对某风力发电场的轴承润滑脂失效与润滑脂中磨损铁含量的定量关系进行了研究,提出了重载低速条件下轴承失效的临界磨损参数,为评估轴承在使用中润滑脂失效和预期寿命提供相关的参考依据。

The performance,failure and lubrication life of rolling bearings were largely related to bearing grease.The wear process of rolling friction under grease lubrication was studied with ball bearings.By means of xray fluorescence spectrum(XRF),scanning electron microscope(SEM),program counter(PCounter)and infrared spectrum(IR),the changes of parameters of ball bearing during the test were analyzed and the influence of rolling wear on the performance of grease was discussed.The formation mechanism of wear particles and the correlation between wear particles and grease oxidation failure were analyzed and studied.The previous viewpoint that the oxidation and failure mechanism of grease were mainly controlled by the friction temperature rise of bearing and the influence of bearing ambient temperature was revised and supplemented.At the same time,with the help of big data,the quantitative relationship between the failure of bearing grease in a wind power plant and the wear iron content in the grease was studied.The critical wear parameters of bearing failure under the condition of heavy load and low speed were proposed,which provided relevant reference for evaluating the grease failure and life expectancy of bearing in use.