关于宪法学与宪法:对一些批评意见的回应

On Constitutional Jurisprudence and Constitutional Law:in Response to the Critical Comments

宪法是实在法体系中最特殊的法律,这体现在宪法是法体系的构成性条件,即有法体系就意味着有宪法,没有宪法就没有法体系。就此而言,宪法并不仅是宪法学的研究对象,同样也是法理学的研究对象,因为宪法的性质关系到对“法律是什么”的回答。由该特殊地位出发,宪法在性质上就只能是最高法而非根本法,于是宪法与其他部门法之间,就不会是具体化的关系,并且这还会决定宪法很多重要特征,如宪法的成文化或法典化以及对宪法解释的基本理解。

Constitution is the most special law in the positive law system.Its particularity lies in that it is the constitutive condition of the legal system;In other words,a legal system refers to a constitution,and without a constitution,there is no legal system.In this regard,constitution is not only the research object of constitutional jurisprudence,but also the research object of legal philosophy,because the nature of constitution is related to the answer the question“what is law”.From this special position,the Constitution can only be the supreme law,not the basic law,so the relationship between the Constitution and other laws,such as civil law or criminal law,will not be the specification;and it will also determine many important features of the constitution,such as the written form or codification of the constitution,as well as the nature of the constitutional interpretation.