应对方式与组织支持对遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士抗逆力的影响

Influence of coping styles and organizational support on resilience of emergency nurses after exposure to workplace violence

目的 调查遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士抗逆力现状,并分析应对方式和组织支持对其抗逆力的影响。方法 以上海市6所三甲医院急诊护士1 241名为研究对象,采用暴力频度量表筛选出近1个月遭受过工作场所暴力的急诊护士,并采用一般情况调查表、组织支持量表、特质应对方式问卷以及中文版医护人员抗逆力评价量表对其进行调查。结果 749名急诊护士近1个月在工作场所中曾遭受工作场所暴力,其中以语言暴力为主。遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士的抗逆力得分为(69.84±12.68)分。相关性分析显示,积极应对方式、组织支持与抗逆力总分呈正相关,消极应对方式与抗逆力呈负相关(均P<0.05);多元逐步回归分析显示,应对方式、组织支持是遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士抗逆力的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士的抗逆力水平有待提高,积极应对方式、组织支持对其有正向预测作用,需制订干预方案以提升急诊护士抗逆力水平。

Objective To investigate current situation of resilience of emergency nurses after exposure to workplace violence, and to analyze the influence of coping styles and organizational support on resilience. Methods A total of 1 241 emergency nurses from 6 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai were conveniently sampled and those with exposure to workplace violence in the last one month were screened with the Workplace Violence Frequency Scale. Then positive samples were surveyed using the demographic questionnaire, the Organizational Support Scale, the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire and the Chinese version Resilience Scale for Medical Staff. Results Totally, 749 emergency nurses in the last one month had experienced workplace violence, which predominantly was verbal violence. Those with exposure to workplace violence scored(69.84±12.68) points in resilience. Correlation analysis showed that positive coping style and organizational support were positively correlated with resilience;negative coping style was negatively correlated with resilience(all P<0.05). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that coping styles and organizational support were the main influencing factors of resilience among emergency nurses(both P<0.05). Conclusion Resilience of emergency nurses after exposure to workplace violence needs to be improved, and positive coping style and organizational support have a positive predictive effect on their resilience level. Measures should be taken to improve emergency nurses′ resilience.