白内障患者术前视功能期望及影响因素研究

Current status and influencing factors of preoperative visual function expectations in cataract patients

目的调查白内障患者术前视功能期望水平,并分析其影响因素,为白内障患者术前视功能期望的管理提供依据。方法采用一般资料调查表、中国版视功能指数量表及艾森克人格问卷对146例拟行超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术患者进行调查。结果白内障患者的术前视功能期望得分为97.73(91.67,100.00)分,术后视功能得分为89.58(83.33,93.75)分。回归分析显示,患者白内障手术史、文化程度、内外向人格是术前视功能期望水平的影响因素(均P<0.05)。患者术后视觉满意度与术前期望呈负相关,与术后视功能呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论白内障患者术前视功能期望处于较高水平,且术前期望和术后视功能存在较大差异,患者术后视觉满意度不仅取决于术后实际视功能,也取决于其术前期望。医护人员应针对术前视功能期望影响因素进行干预,帮助患者做出更符合实际的术前期望,以提高患者满意度,减少医患纠纷。

Objective To survey cataract patients′ preoperative visual function expectations, to provide a basis for management of preoperative expectations for patients. Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 146 cataract patients who were to undergo phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation. The patients filled out the general data questionnaire, the Chinese version Visual Function Index-14(VF-12-CN) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Results The cataract patients had a median score of 97.73(IQR:91.67-100.00) in preoperative expectation, and a median score of 89.58(IQR:83.33-93.75) in postoperative visual function. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that patient′s cataract surgery history, education level and type E(introverted extrovert) personality were the influencing factors of preoperative expectation(P<0.05 for all). Postoperative visual satisfaction was negatively correlated with preoperative expectation, while positively correlated with postoperative visual function(P<0.05 for both). Conclusion Cataract patients have a high level of preoperative expectations and there is a gap between preoperative expectations and postoperative visual function. Postoperative visual satisfaction of patients depends not only on their actual postoperative visual function, but also on their preoperative expectations. Medical staff should guide patients to make more realistic preoperative expectations, so as to improve patient satisfaction and reduce medical disputes.