中华民族共同体视域下近代东北地区的民族语言交流——以18世纪朝鲜语文献《蒙语类解》为例

Research on the Modern Ethnic Language Communication in Northeast China from the Perspective of a Community for the Chinese Nation——A Case Study of Mongolian Language Category Interpretationin Korean Language in the 18th Century

《蒙语类解》是18世纪末,主管朝鲜王朝翻译事务的朝鲜司译院所使用的汉、朝鲜、蒙古三种语言的对照辞书,是研究近代东北地区民族语言文化的重要典籍。从语言类型学的角度,以《蒙语类解》为例,探讨《蒙语类解》中汉语词汇以及与之对应的朝鲜语、蒙古语对译词,并从标记与音韵、语法形态、构词方式等三个方面来考察汉语、朝鲜语和蒙古语在近代历史上三种语言之间相互传播、借鉴的关系,可以呈现近代我国各民族之间的互融互渗。东北地区的民族语言交流构建了东北地区的地域文化,而东北地区地域文化成为了追寻中华文化不可或缺的组成部分。

Mongolian Language Category Interpretation is a comparative dictionary of Chinese,Korean and Mongolian languages,used by the Korean Translation Institute in charge of the translation business of the Joseon Dynasty at the end of the 18 th century,and it is an important classic to research on languages and culture of ethnic groups in Northeast China.From the perspective of linguistic typology,the article probes into the words in the very work,their Korean and Mongolian equivalents.The article also investigated the relationship of mutual dissemination and borrowing among these three languages in modern history from the perspective of transcription and phonetics,grammatical forms,and morphological modes.All these show the mutual integration and permeation of different ethnic cultures in modern history in Northeast China.The language communication and mutual borrowing have promoted the self-consciousness and construction of the sense of community for the Chinese nation among ethnic groups in Northeast China.