乡村振兴背景下西部农牧区人口教育与收入关系实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Population Education and Income in Western China’s Farming and Pastoral Areas under the Background of Rural Revitalization

实证研究以2019年西部省份甘肃农牧区3018个18—65岁成人个体样本为例,对乡村振兴背景下农牧区人口教育等变量与收入关系分别运用箱线图、笛卡尔坐标系及洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数方法原理,进行了2变量、3变量相关性及变量内部差异等问题的初步考量及预期。在此基础上,基于明塞模型进一步运用WLS回归分析方法,对预期变量之间的总体关系作了计量分析,得出结论:西部农牧区人口的人均年收入和受教育程度较全国水平仍有一定差距,受教育程度总体不高、人力资本不足是造成其收入水平较低的一个重要因素;不同受教育程度对收入均具有显著性,但作用(系数)或教育投资收益率的大小差别较大,总体上初等教育较低、高等教育较高及主要变量的内部差异和分布特征较明显;西部农牧区人口收入水平深度受到教育程度的影响,除此之外,也受到个人劳动经验、健康状况、年龄,以及反映家庭特征和区域特征等相关因素的影响。

With a sample of 301818-to-65-year-old adults in the farming and pastoral areas of western China’s Gansu in 2019,by using box plot,Cartesian coordinate system,Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient,the article makes a preliminary analysis of 2-variable and 3-variable correlationand internal differences of variables concerning the relationship between population education and income.Based on the Mincer model,the article carries out a WLS regression analysis to conduct a quantitative analysis of the general relationship among predictor variables,and has drawn the conclusions as follows:as for the population in the farming and pastoral areas of western China,there is still some gap between the average national level and that in western China,and low education levels and lack of human capital are important factors resulting in their low income;education levels are significant for income,but there are great differences in terms of the roles(coefficients)or the rate ofreturn of educational investment,and generally,elementary education has low rate of return,higher education has higher rate of return,and there are prominent internal differences and distributional features;the income levelsin these areasare greatly influenced by education levels,and arealso under the influence of factors such as work experience,health,age,family features,and regional features,etc.