考虑动态走行时间的铁路换乘公交衔接优化

Optimization of Transfer from Railway to Bus Considering Dynamic Travel Time

铁路到达客流衔接换乘城市公交显著影响枢纽内的交通疏散效率和乘客体验,以往研究将换乘走行时间作为常量或简单函数处理,无法完全真实反映铁路与公交系统的动态关系,换乘衔接仍有优化空间。通过构建phase-type型流体换乘排队网络模型,推导不同换乘客流状态下的换乘走行时间,在此基础上,构建以乘客换乘等待时间成本与企业运营成本之和最小为目标的综合客运枢纽内铁路到达旅客换乘公交的衔接优化模型,实现了在铁路换乘公交系统的设计过程中对动态走行时间的精细化考虑。最后,对成都东站进行实例分析,结果表明,通过协调公交车辆到站时间,减小了乘客换乘等待时间,相较于现有运行方案,成本减少了31%,换乘等待时间约减少了62%,证明模型有效。

The arrival passenger flow transfer from railway to urban buses significantly affects the evacuation efficiency and passenger experience in the hub. Previous studies treated the transfer travel time as a constant or simple function, which could not fully reflect the dynamic relationship between the railway and the bus system, leaving room for the optimization of the transfer connection. This paper firstly constructed a phase-type(PH) transfer fluid queuing network model to derive the transfer travel time under different transfer passenger flow states. On this basis, the optimization model of arrival passenger transfer from railway to buses in the comprehensive passenger transport hub was built, which realized the fine consideration of dynamic travel time in the design process of the transfer system between railway and buses. The goal of the optimization model was to minimize the waiting time cost of transfer and the operating cost of enterprises. Finally, the paper took Chengdudong Railway Station as an example for case analysis. The results show that by coordinating the arrival time of buses, the waiting time for passengers to transfer is reduced. The cost is reduced by 31% and the waiting time of transfer is decreased by 62% compared with those of the existing operation plan, which proves the effectiveness of the model.