超大孔沸石分子筛的研究进展

Research progress in extra-large pore zeolite

作为一类结晶孔材料,沸石分子筛因其规则的孔道结构和独特的择形性在催化、吸附、分离和离子交换等领域有着重要的应用.但传统的沸石分子筛材料由于孔道尺寸较小,对有机大分子的处理能力不强,超大孔沸石分子筛的出现缓解了这一状况.因此,深入了解超大孔分子筛的合成方法、制备过程、结构组成和理化性质对化学工业具有重要的意义.本文以孔道维度作为分类依据,系统地阐述了30年来超大孔沸石分子筛的合成、结构及应用,提出了现阶段其发展存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望.

As a kind of crystalline pore materials,zeolites have shown significant applications in the fields of catalysis,sorption,separation,and ion exchange due to their regular pore structures and unique shape selectivity.However,traditional zeolites do not have strong ability to deal with organic macromolecules because of their small pores.This situation has been alleviated with the appearance of extra-large pore zeolites.Therefore,it will be of great significance for the chemical industry to deeply understand the synthetic method,preparation process,structural composition and physical and chemical properties of extra-large pore zeolites.In this review,the synthesis,structures and applications of extra-large pore zeolites in the past 30 years are systematically described based on pore dimension.The challenges of extra-large pore zeolites at present are put forward,and their development directions are discussed.