多主元合金的应力致固态非晶化

Stress-induced solid-state amorphization in multi-principal-element alloys

近十年来,多主元合金由于独特的结构及优异的性能引起了广泛的研究兴趣.随着对合金性能要求不断提升,在多主元合金中引入非晶相成为合金设计的一种新途径.由于应力加载能产生特定应变,从而显著地改变合金微观组织以及性能,因此应力加载成为了近年来获得非晶态结构和合金优化设计的一种简单有效的策略.这种固态非晶化的实现形式主要有球磨法、高压扭转、挤锻压、拉伸、冲击压缩等.通过实验观察和数值模拟,可以对非晶化的机制、实现非晶化的微观组织演化和非晶化对材料性能的影响进行进一步研究.本文对应力致非晶化这一研究方向的最新研究成果进行了总结和展望,可为进一步理解多主元合金中的非晶化转变,以及新型合金的设计及性能优化提供新的思路与方案.

In the past ten years, multi-principal-element alloys(MPEA) have attracted extensive research interest due to their unique structure and excellent properties. With the increasing demand on the properties of alloys, the introduction of amorphous phase into MPEA has become a new way of alloy design. On the other hand, stress loading has become a simple and effective strategy for obtaining amorphous structure and optimal design of alloys in recent years because of its ability to produce specific strains, which can significantly change the microstructure and properties of alloys. The realization forms mainly include ball milling, high-pressure torsion, swaging, stretching, shock compression and so on. Through experimental observation and numerical simulation, the mechanism of amorphization, microstructure evolution and the effect of amorphization on material properties can be further studied. In this paper, the latest research results of stressinduced amorphization are summarized and prospected, which can provide a new idea and scheme for further understanding of the amorphous transition in MPEA, as well as the design and performance optimization of new alloys.