电磁超材料在无线电能传输领域的研究与应用

Investigation and Application of Electromagnetic Metamaterials in the Field of Wireless Power Transfer

无线电能传输(wireles spower transfer,WPT)相比于传统的有线电能传输具有灵活性好、安全系数高等优点,在不同领域都有着广泛的研究和应用。同时,它也存在诸如传输效率随距离增加而骤减、传输效率低等亟待解决的问题。电磁超材料作为一种具有独特电磁特性的新型人工复合材料,在诸如隐形斗篷、超级透镜以及磁共振成像等领域得到了广泛关注。基于电磁超材料所具有的特殊磁场调控能力,分析电磁超材料常用的几种分析与设计方法,并总结这些方法的特点和适用性;进一步综合电磁超材料的特性与WPT的技术特点,详细梳理了WPT领域对电磁超材料的特性需求,从电磁超材料对WPT系统性能改进涉及到的传输性能提升机理、提升途径、双频电磁超材料以及WPT系统电磁生物安全调控等方面进行详细论述。最后,对电磁超材料在WPT技术领域的发展趋势和技术挑战进行探讨。

Compared with traditional wired power transmission,flexibility and high safety factor are the advantage of the wireless power transfer(WPT),which are widely investigated and applied in different fields.But there are also problems that need to be solved urgently,such as the rapid decrease of transmission efficiency with increasing distance and low transmission efficiency.Electromagnetic metamaterial,as a novel type of artificial composite material with unique electromagnetic properties,have received extensive attention in fields such as invisible cloak,superlens,and magnetic resonance imaging.Based on the special magnetic field control ability of electromagnetic metamaterials,this paper analyzed the several common analysis and design methods of electromagnetic metamaterials,and summarized the characteristics and applicability of these methods.Then,the characteristics of electromagnetic metamaterials and WPT technology were further integrated,and the requirements of electromagnetic metamaterials in WPT field were sorted out in detail.The electromagnetic metamaterials for WPT system performance improvement related to the transmission performance improvement mechanism,improvement methods,dual-frequency electromagnetic metamaterials,and electromagnetic biology for WPT system safety regulation and other aspects were discussed in detail.Finally,the development trend and technical challenges of electromagnetic metamaterials in the field of WPT technology were addressed.