某堆积型铝土矿工艺矿物学与铝回收技术研究

A study on process mineralogy and aluminum recovery technology of ores from an accumulative bauxite deposit in Yunnan Province,China

针对云南某堆积型铝土矿进行了工艺矿物学与铝浮选回收技术研究。结果表明,该铝土矿具有低铝、高铁、低铝硅比A/S、矿物之间嵌布关系复杂等特点。原矿石中铝矿物主要为一水硬铝石,与其它矿物接触关系复杂;铁矿物主要为褐铁矿和赤铁矿,混杂分布并以细小颗粒浸染于矿石中,极大地增加了浮选回收难度。通过浮选的条件试验确定了较佳的工艺参数,原矿磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占80%、矿浆pH值为9,以六偏磷酸钠和硅酸钠作含硅脉石矿物的组合抑制剂、改性脂肪酸皂YZ-3作捕收剂,采用“一粗一扫三精”的闭路试验流程,获得了含Al_(2)O_(3)54.48%、回收率70.35%的精矿产品,铝硅比A/S由原矿3.62提高至9.20,浮选工艺流程合理且药剂制度简单。

Process mineralogy and flotation recovery technology of ores from an accumulative bauxite deposit in Yunnan Province have been studied in this paper.The results show that ores of the deposit are characterized with low-aluminum,high-iron,low Al/Si ratios,and complicated embedding relationship between minerals.The main aluminum mineral in the ore is diaspore which has complicated contact relationship with other minerals.Main iron minerals,including limonite and hematite,are chaotically disseminated in the ore as fine particles.These characteristics of the raw ores had greatly caused the difficulty of flotation recovery of the ores.The optimized process parameters have been determined through the flotation condition tests.The grinding fineness of over 80%raw ores is less than 0.074mm.The pH value of pulp is 9.The sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium silicate are used as the combined depressant of silicate gangue minerals.The YZ-3 modified fatty acid soap is used as the collector.The closed-circuit test process of"one time of roughing,one time of sweeping,and three times of cleanings"is adopted.The obtained aluminum concentrate contains 54.48% of Al_(2)O_(3) at a recovery rate of 70.35%.The Al/Si ratios are increased from 3.62 of the raw ore to 9.20 of the concentrates.The flotation process is reasonable and its reagent system is simple.