外泌体对阿霉素诱导的心脏毒性治疗的研究及应用进展

Progress in Research and Application of Exosomes in DoxorubicinInduced Cardiotoxicity

阿霉素(doxorubicin,DOX)是一种蒽环类药物,广泛用于治疗各种癌症,但其长期临床使用经常受到心脏毒性的阻碍。然而,DOX诱导的心脏毒性(doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity,DIC)的确切机制以及最佳心脏保护治疗方案尚不明确。随着蛋白质组学、基因组学和高通量测序技术的发展,EXO(exosome,EXO)在DIC的治疗方面脱颖而出。本文综述了DIC的主要发生机制,探讨了EXO在DIC治疗中的机制,分析了EXO作为天然的低免疫原性递送载体对DIC治疗的间接作用以及EXO中的一些内容物对DIC治疗的直接作用,并进一步讨论了EXO作为一种新型DIC治疗策略所存在的优势及不足之处,以期为制定减轻化疗药物相关不良副作用的策略带来一些新的见解。

Doxorubicin(DOX)is an anthracycline,which is widely used in the treatment of various cancers,but its long-term clinical use is often hindered by its cardiotoxicity.However,the exact mechanism of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity(DIC)and the best cardioprotective treatment have not been fully determined.With the development of proteomics,genomics and high-throughput sequencing technology,exosomes,therefore,stand out in the diagnosis and treatment of DIC.This paper reviews the main mechanisms in the occurrence and treatment of DIC,analyzes the indirect effects of exosomes as a natural low-immunogenic delivery vehicle for DIC therapy and the direct effects of some contents in exosomes for DIC therapy,and further discusses the advantages and shortcomings of exosomes as a novel DIC therapeutic strategy,with the aim of bringing some new insights to develop the strategies for mitigating the side effects associated with chemotherapeutic drugs.