国有农用地使用权抵押贷款的现实困境及其成因分析——基于供需型信贷配给视角

Analysis on the Realistic Predicament and Its Causes of the Mortgage Loan of State-owned Agricultural Land Use Right——From the Perspective of Supply-and-Demand Credit Rationing

农垦国有农用地是我国国有农用地的重要组成部分和主要利用形式。开展农垦国有农用地使用权抵押试点,对做大做强农垦经济、增强农垦发展的内生动力具有重要意义。试点推进过程中,各试点垦区因地制宜探索国有农用地使用权抵押贷款的方法路径,积累了一定的经验,但仍表现出明显的“三低”实践困境,与政策预期相距较远。基于现实困境的成因,论文指出,政策层面应该创新多元激励政策,优化抵押办理流程,以增强农垦主体抵押意愿;加快确权颁证工作,完善抵押物处置、风险分担等机制设计,以消除金融机构顾虑。

Promoting the pilot project related with mortgage of state-owned land-use right is of great significance to work to strengthen,expand state-owned farmland economy and stimulating internal impetus for agricultural reclamation development. The pilot reclamation areas have experimented with the mortgage of state-owned land-use right according to local conditions, after which the practical dilemmas of “three lows” have been revealed. It is found that what contributes to the practical dilemmas is the supply-and-demand credit rationing. Demand rationing is caused by abundance of capital owned by farm land entities and high transaction cost of mortgage loan system, while supply rationing results from insecurity of evaluation system of subject matter values and imperfection in dealing with breach of contracts. Therefore, specific measures should be taken to make diversified incentive polices innovatively, and optimize transaction of mortgage loan in order to enhance willingness of farm land entities to get mortgage loans;furthermore, measures should be taken to facilitate the confirmation and issuance of certificates on the right to the contracted management of farm land, perfect system of collateral disposal and risk sharing in order to help financial originations become assured.