2022年WHO骨髓增生异常性肿瘤新命名和分类

New nomenclature and classification of WHO myelodysplastic neoplasms in 2022

世界卫生组织(WHO)的肿瘤分类是基于一个统一关联数据库框架内对人体各器官系统癌症的循证分类,以细胞谱系为架构,从良性到恶性,再细分至类别、家族、类型(疾病或肿瘤)和亚型进行分类。2022年WHO更新了髓系肿瘤的分类,以“骨髓增生异常性肿瘤(myelodysplastic neoplasms,MDS)”名称替代骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndromes,MDS),强调和明确了此类疾病的肿瘤属性,并与骨髓增殖性肿瘤(myeloproliferative neoplasms,MPN)的名称相协调。文章对本次髓系肿瘤分类的更新做一解读,以供临床医生参考。

The World Health Organization's(WHO)tumor classification is based on an evidence-based classification of cancers in human organs and systems within the framework of a unified relational database.It is based on cell lineage,from benign to malignant,and then subdivided into categories,families,types(diseases/tumors)and subtypes.In 2022,WHO updated the classification of medullary tumors,replacing myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS)with the name“myelodysplastic neoplasms(MDS)”,emphasizing and clarifying the tumor attributes of such diseases,and coordinating with the name of myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPN).This article makes an interpretation of the update of the classification of medullary tumors for the reference of clinicians.