陕西刘家洼遗址出土漆膜劣化机理分析

Analysis on deterioration mechanism of paint film unearthed from Liujiawa site in Shaanxi Province

陕西澄城县刘家洼遗址是春秋时期芮国的都城遗址,它的发现对研究关中地区周代诸侯国的发展演变意义重大。刘家洼遗址出土漆木器是音乐器的重要组成部分,具有较高的保护价值。本文以散落漆膜及其周围赋存土壤为研究对象,使用显微观察、热裂解气相色谱质谱、离子色谱、XRD、红外光谱、拉曼光谱、扫描电镜-能谱等技术手段,对漆膜糟朽状态、制作材料和工艺以及埋藏土壤的矿物组成、化学指标和可溶盐进行分析,为探明刘家洼漆木器地下埋藏过程中发生劣化的机理及研发对应的保护技术。本文首次将考古漆膜与其周围埋藏土壤进行关联研究,初步阐释了刘家洼遗址出土漆膜的劣化机理,将为漆器后期的保护修复提供科学参考。

Liujiawa Site in Chengcheng County, Shaanxi Province, was the capital of the ancient Rui State in the Spring-and-Autumn Period which had great significance to the study of the development and evolution of the vassal states in Zhou Dynasty in the Guanzhong Plain area. The unearthed lacquer wares at Liujiwa were important parts of the musical instruments and had great conservation values. Through taking these technology like: microscope, Py-GC/MS, IC, XRD, IRS, Raman spectra, SEM-EDX to analyze the conditions, material and technology of paint film, and mineral composition, chemical index and soluble salt?of soil samples, the article analyzes the degradation mechanism of lacquerwares during the long time in the underground environment so as to develop appropriate protection techniques. It is the first time that the article takes the research combining unearthed relics with burying soil to explain the deterioration mechanism of paint film and provide scientific advice on restoration afterwards.