西安市部分职业女性不孕者心理资本、生育压力对职业倦怠和心理健康的影响

Effects of psychological capital and reproductive pressure on job burnout and mental health of some professional females with infertility in Xi’an City

目的 探讨职业女性不孕者生育压力对职业倦怠和心理健康的影响,以及心理资本在其中的中介作用。方法 采用方便抽样法,于2020年7月—2021年7月,抽取在空军军医大学第二附属医院唐都医院妇产科就诊的328名职业女性不孕者作为调查对象,采用生育压力量表、心理资本量表、症状自评量表(symptom checklist 90,SCL-90)和职业倦怠量表进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 职业女性不孕者生育压力得分为(141.28±28.49)分,心理资本得分为(84.28±16.24)分,心理健康得分为(192.28±34.52)分,职业倦怠得分为(56.47±12.24)分。不同年龄、家庭人均月收入、妊娠史、生育史、不孕年限、治疗时间和是否独生子女的职业女性不孕者的心理健康得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年龄、家庭人均月收入、妊娠史、生育史、不孕年限、治疗时间和是否独生子女的职业女性不孕者的职业倦怠得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。职业女性不孕者SCL-90与生育压力呈正相关(r=0.629,P<0.01),职业倦怠与生育压力呈正相关(r=0.664,P<0.01);SCL-90与心理资本呈负相关(r=-0.537,P<0.01),职业倦怠与心理资本呈负相关(r=-0.608,P<0.01)。职业女性不孕者心理资本在生育压力对职业倦怠和心理健康的影响中起到中介作用,中介效应分别为0.220和0.205。结论 职业女性不孕者生育压力对职业倦怠具有正向预测作用,对心理健康具有负向预测作用。心理资本在生育压力对职业倦怠和心理健康的影响中起到中介作用,提高其心理资本水平有利于改善心理健康状况,缓解职业倦怠。

Objective To explore the effects of reproductive pressure on job burnout and mental health of professional females with infertility,and the mediating role of psychological capital.Methods By using the convenient sampling method,328 professional females with infertility were collected from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Tangdu Hospital of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University as the survey objects from July 2020 to July 2021.The investigation was conducted by the fertility stress scale,psychological capital scale,symptom checklist 90(SCL-90) and job burnout scale,and the data were analyzed.Results The scores of reproductive stress,psychological capital,mental health and job burnout of professional females with infertility were(141.28±28.49),(84.28±16.24),(192.28±34.52) and(56.47±12.24)points,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the mental health scores among professional females with infertility in different age,family per capita monthly income,pregnancy history,childbearing history,infertility years,treatment time and whether they were only child(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the job burnout scores among professional females with infertility in different age,family per capita monthly income,pregnancy history,childbearing history,infertility years,treatment time and whether they were only child(all P<0.05).Among professional females with infertility,SCL-90 was positively correlated with reproductive pressure(r=0.629,P<0.01),job burnout was positively correlated with reproductive pressure(r=0.664,P<0.01),SCL-90 was negatively correlated with psychological capital(r=-0.537,P<0.01),and job burnout was negatively correlated with psychological capital(r=-0.608,P<0.01).The psychological capital of professional females with infertility played a mediating role in the impact of reproductive pressure on job burnout and mental health,and the mediating effects were 0.220 and 0.205,respectively.Conclusion The reproductive pressure has a positive predictive effect on job burnout and a negative predictive effect on mental health in professional females with infertility.The psychological capital plays an intermediary role in the impact of reproductive pressure on job burnout and mental health,so improving the level of psychological capital is conducive to improving mental health and alleviating job burnout.