慢性病老人自我管理认知、电子健康评判能力与健康促进生活方式的关系

Relationship among self-management cognition,electronic health evaluation ability and healthpromoting lifestyle in patients with chronic ailments

目的 了解慢性病老人健康促进生活方式的现状,并分析自我管理认知、电子健康评判能力对健康促进生活方式的影响路径。方法 2019年10月—2021年3月,采取线下调查,选取解放军总医院第二医学中心保健科门诊就诊的692例慢性病老人作为调查对象,通过健康促进生活方式量表、健康自我管理能力量表及电子健康素养量表进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 慢性病老人健康促进生活方式得分为(97.72±15.58)分。不同年龄、婚姻、教育程度、病程、慢性病健康教育、社区门诊随访、邻里关系及主观感知老化倾向的慢性病老人健康促进生活方式得分比较,差异均有统计意义(均P<0.01);自我管理认知、电子健康评判能力是影响健康促进生活方式的重要因素(β=0.144、0.142,均P<0.01);电子健康评判能力在自我管理认知与健康促进生活方式之间具有中介作用,其中介效应值为0.1288,占总效应的34.92%(0.128 8/0.368 8)。结论 慢性病老人健康促进生活方式水平一般,自我管理认知、电子健康评判能力与健康促进生活方式具有密切的关系,电子健康评判能力在自我管理认知与健康促进生活方式之间具有中介作用。

Objective To explore the status of health-promoting lifestyle of the elderly with chronic diseases,investigate the influence path of self-management cognition and electronic health evaluation ability on health-promoting lifestyle.Methods From October 2019 to March 2021,692 elderly patients with chronic diseases in the health care department of the second medical center in the PLA General Hospital were selected as the research objects through offline survey.The investigation was performed by the health-promotion lifestyle scale,health self-management ability scale and electronic health literacy scale,and the data were analyzed.Results The score of health-promoting lifestyle for the elderly with chronic diseases was(97.72±15.58) points.There were statistically significant differences in the score of health-promoting lifestyle among the elderly with chronic disease in different age,marriage,education level,disease course,chronic disease health education,community outpatient follow-up,neighborhood relationship,and subjective perception of aging tendency(all P<0.01).The self-management cognition and electronic health evaluation ability were important factors affecting health-promotion lifestyle(β=0.144,0.142,both P<0.01).The electronic health evaluation ability played a mediating role between self-management cognition and health-promoting lifestyle,in which the mediating effect value was 0.1288,accounting for 34.92%(0.128 8/0.368 8) of the total effect.Conclusion The level of health-promoting lifestyle of the elderly with chronic diseases is average,and there is a close relationship between self-management cognition,electronic health evaluation ability and health-promoting lifestyle,the electronic health evaluation ability plays a mediating role between selfmanagement cognition and health-promoting lifestyle.