平台水环境法构建人类疾病动物模型的应用与思考

Application and Thinking of Platform Method in Construction of Animal Model of Human Disease

平台水环境法是利用啮齿类动物畏水的特点,强迫实验动物长时间站台而无法休息的一种造模方法。此方法可根据不同类型动物模型的需求,调整其应用的时间与节点进行模型构建。目前,平台水环境法的研究热点集中于睡眠剥夺、焦虑抑郁等精神类疾病及疲劳相关动物模型研究中。近年来,随着中医药现代化的发展,此方法也逐渐应用于以“心”“肝”“脾”为中心的中医证候模型与中医病证结合研究中。因为平台水环境法应用的广泛性与造模疾病的多样性,目前仍缺乏此方法的系统论述。本课题组系统归纳国内、外研究,从发展过程、应用现状及问题与发展3个维度探讨平台水环境法在人类疾病动物模型中的应用,并通过分析热点研究的睡眠剥夺、精神类疾病、疲劳、中医证候模型及中医病证结合模型等不同领域,有针对性的深入讨论平台水环境法在各动物模型建立中的构建思路与具体应用,以期为研究者提供有益参考,进而促进研究者对此进一步的探索与研究。

Platform method is a modeling method that forces experimental animals to stand on the platforms for a long time without rest by taking advantage of the rodent's fear of water.The application time and node of platform method in model construction can be adjusted according to the needs of different types of animal models.At present,the research hotspot of platform method focuses on constructing animal models of sleep deprivation,anxiety and depression and other mental diseases as well as fatigue.In recent years,with the development of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),this method has been gradually applied to the study of TCM syndrome model and TCM disease and syndrome combination model with"heart","liver"and"spleen"as the centers.Due to the extensive application of platform method and the diversity of modeling diseases,there is still a lack of systematic discussion on this method as the core.This paper systematically summarized the research in China and abroad and explored the application of platform method in animal models of human diseases from three dimensions:its development process,current application and problems and future development.In addition,through the analysis of the research hotspots on sleep deprivation,mental diseases,fatigue,TCM syndrome model and TCM disease and syndrome combination model,the ideas and specific applications of platform method in construction of various animal models were discussed.This paper was expected to provide reference for researchers and promote further exploration and research of this modeling method.