高职院校专业设置与区域产业发展适切性研究——以浙江省为例

The Appropriateness of Specialty Settings of Higher Vocational Colleges and Regional Industrial Development——A Case Study of Zhejiang Province

高职教育的专业设置与区域产业结构相互依存,为了培养符合浙江省产业需要的人才,通过建立耦合模型,对浙江省2019年至2021年间的产业结构和从业人员结构,专业布点与行业生产总值,专业招生人数与行业从业人员总数进行分析,发现浙江省高职院校的专业设置覆盖面虽广但对新兴产业支撑有限,部分专业设置重复度较高且冷热不均.对此,建议及时调整专业设置策略,包括专业动态调整机制,建立第三方评价预警系统,开展技能证书互认制度,打造产教融合特色专业集群等.

The specialty setting of higher vocational education and regional industrial structure are interdependent.In order to cultivate talents that meet the industrial needs of Zhejiang Province,this paper establishes a coupling model to analyze the industrial structure and employee structure,professional distribution and industrial production value,professional enrollment and total number of industry employees in Zhejiang from 2019 to 2021.It is found that although the professional setting of higher vocational colleges in Zhejiang covers a wide range,it has limited support for emerging industries,and some specialties are repeatedly set,with uneven hot and cold.Therefore,the paper suggests timely adjustment of specialty setting strategy and dynamic adjustment mechanism,establishment of third-party evaluation and early warning system,development of mutual recognition system of skill certificates,and creation of characteristic specialty clusters integrating industry and education.