考虑运行平稳性的成品油管道调度方法

A scheduling method for products pipeline considering operation stability

成品油管道调度计划是管道完成输送任务的重要运行依据,除了要保障按时、按量地将油品输送到沿线站场外,还应尽量维持管道的平稳运行,提高管道调度整体服务质量。目前,对于采用集中分输工艺的成品油管道,已有国内外调度计划制定研究尚无法将管道运行平稳性因素纳入考虑范围。而且,部分文献证实,若仅以水力约束的方式控制管道流量,会引起管段流量在某一范围内波动频繁的问题,进而会削弱管道运行安全性,致使研究成果脱离工程实际,鲜有落地应用。本文针对单源多汇的成品油管道,在现有研究的基础上,引入了流量波动系数、操作次数上限等适应于集中分输工艺的关键参数,并基于离散时间表达方法提出优化策略。此后,对站场分输工艺、管段运行流量、批次跟踪、预估下载量、下载偏差以及流量偏差等约束进行考虑,并以下载偏差和运行流量波动最小为目标函数,结合现场在相邻站场操作时间节点上改变本站下载流量的人工编制计划经验,构建了管道调度计划自动编制模型,实现了考虑运行平稳性的成品油管道调度计划的快速制定。所建模型应用于我国包含9座站场的某实际成品油管道,在2分钟内能够准确求解出该管道月调度计划;调度计划充分考虑了该管道全分输工艺、一次性下载要求,满足通用性要求;求解结果在运行过程中的正常流量波动占比90%,油品需求偏差控制在-3.23%~3.65%以内,具有较强的工程实用性。本研究成果对于采取集中分输工艺的成品油管道运行企业,在制定调度计划时具有一定的指导意义。

The pipeline scheduling plan is an important operation basis for the multi-product pipeline to complete its transportation tasks. In addition to ensuring the delivery of products to the stations along the route on time and in the right quantity, it should also maintain the stability of the pipeline as much as possible and improve the overall service quality of the pipeline scheduling. At present, for the multi-product pipeline with centralized distribution process, the domestic and foreign studies on scheduling plan development have not been able to take the stability of pipeline operation into consideration. Moreover, some literature confirms that if the pipeline flow is only controlled by hydraulic constraints, it will cause frequent fluctuations in a certain range, which will weaken the safety of pipeline operation, resulting in the research results being detached from the engineering reality and rarely applied on the ground. In this paper, based on the existing research, the key parameters adapted to the centralized distribution process, such as flow fluctuation coefficient and upper limit of operation number, were introduced for the single-source multi-sink pipeline, and the optimization strategy was proposed based on the discrete-time expression method. Thereafter, constraints such as station delivery process, pipeline section operation flow rate, batch tracking, estimated delivery volume, delivery deviation, and flow rate deviation are considered, and the delivery deviation and operation flow fluctuation are minimized as the objective function. Combining with the field experience of manual preparation plan for changing the delivery flow rate of this station at the operation time node in adjacent stations, an automatic preparation model of pipeline scheduling plan is constructed to realize the rapid formulation of pipeline scheduling plan for multi-products considering the stable operation. The model was applied to an actual multi-product pipeline containing 9 stations in China, and the monthly scheduling plan of the pipeline could be solved accurately within 2 minutes;the scheduling plan completely considered the entire delivery process and one-time delivery requirements of the pipeline, and met the generality requirements;the solved results accounted for 90% of the normal flow fluctuation during operation, and the deviation of product demand was controlled within-3.23%~3.65%, which has strong engineering practicality. The research results have certain guiding significance for the multi-product pipeline operation enterprises adopting the centralized distribution process in formulating the scheduling plan.