餐厨废水和固渣厌氧发酵试验研究

Experimental Study on Anaerobic Fermentation of Kitchen Waste water and Solid Residue

餐厨废水属于高浓度有机废水,具有化学需氧量(COD)高、含油量高、含固率高等显著特点。目前,餐厨废水处理已成为餐厨垃圾处理行业的技术瓶颈之一。另外,餐厨固渣具有含水率高、含油量高、脱水困难等特点,目前大多采用堆肥进行处理,但面临堆肥周期长、占地面积大、散发恶臭等问题。为了攻克这些难题,本文通过试验研究了接种物、含固率对餐厨废水湿法厌氧发酵和固渣干法厌氧发酵的影响。试验结果表明,固渣干法厌氧发酵(含固率17.48%)较餐厨废水湿法厌氧发酵(含固率8%~10%)启动更快,产沼气量大,且沼气中CH_(4)含量高,最高达到68.5%;接种物宜选择厌氧污泥,而不宜单独选择牛粪。

Kitchen wastewater belongs to high concentration organic wastewater,which is characterized by high chemical oxygen demand (COD),high oil content and high solid content.At present,kitchen wastewater treatment has become one of the technical bottlenecks in the kitchen waste treatment industry.In addition,kitchen solid residue has the characteristics of high water content,high oil content,and difficult dehydration,at present,it is mostly treated by composting,but it is faced with the the problems of long composting cycle,large floor area,and odor emission.In order to overcome these problems,this paper studies the effects of inoculum and solid content on wet anaerobic fermentation of kitchen wastewater and dry anaerobic fermentation of solid residue through experiment.The experiment results show that dry anaerobic fermentation of solid residue (solid content 17.48%) starts faster than wet anaerobic fermentation of kitchen wastewater (solid content 8%~10%),and the biogas production is large,and the CH_(4) content in biogas is high,up to 68.5%;the anaerobic sludge should be selected as inoculum,and cow dung should not be selected alone.