流感病毒即时检验研究进展

Research progress of Point-of-care testing of influenza virus

流行性感冒是由流感病毒引起的一种传播快、传染力强的人类呼吸道传染病,可在全球范围造成巨大的生命和财产损失。世界卫生组织已将开发针对呼吸道病毒的即时检验(POCT)列为优先事项。POCT对流感样患者进行快速、准确的诊断,对预防和控制流感病毒的传播以及减少重症病人的发生发展有重要意义。基于免疫学的流感病毒POCT快速、简便但灵敏度低,基于检测核酸的流感POCT方便快捷,弥补了免疫学POCT灵敏度低的缺点,未来通过优化成本效益可在临床POCT环境中大量应用。现对目前用于诊断流感病毒的正在应用和开发研究的POCT方法进行综述。

Influenza is a rapidly spreading and highly infectious human respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza viruses,which can cause huge loss of life and property on a global scale.The World Health Organization has prioritized the development of point-of-care testing(POCT)for respiratory viruses.The rapid and accurate diagnosis of influenza-like patients by POCT is of great significance for preventing and controlling the spread of influenza virus and reducing the occurrence and development of severely ill patients.Influenza POCT based on immunology is fast,simple but low sensitivity.Influenza POCT based on nucleic acid detection is convenient and quick,which makes up for the shortcomings of low sensitivity of immunology POCT.In the future,through optimization of cost-effectiveness,it can be applied in a large number of clinical immediate testing environments.This article summarizes the POCT methods that are currently being applied and developing diagnosis of influenza viruses.