可信数字孪生及其在智能制造的应用:机遇和挑战

Trustworthy digital twins and its application in smart manufacturing:opportunities and challenges

随着可信人工智能理念和技术的发展,可信数字孪生成为新兴研究热点,为高价值和关键安全领域的多场景应用提供了技术保障和安全框架.本文针对可信数字孪生的概念、特征、关键技术和应用框架等内容进行梳理,归纳了其发展机遇和挑战.通过分析可信数字孪生在物理实体、虚拟模型、数据、服务和连接等维度的关键使能技术,明晰技术发展现状及优劣势.聚焦于智能制造领域,识别可信数字孪生在智能设计、生产、服务和报废回收等多阶段的闭环应用框架,结合技术供给能力探讨在数据安全、模型信任、更新过程可控和商业应用协同等方面的挑战.在此基础上,给出可信数字孪生在工业领域的应用体系,为智能制造新范式发展提供思路启迪和参考方案.

Under the development of trustworthy AI concepts and technologies,trustworthy digital twin has become an emerging research hotspot.Trustworthy digital twin provides a technical guarantee and security framework for multi-scenario applications in high-value or security critical areas.In this paper,we present basic concepts and features,key technologies,and application frameworks of trustworthy digital twin.Then,development opportunities and challenges are summarized.Analyzing the key enabling technologies of trustworthy digital twin in the dimensions of physical entities,virtual models,data,intelligent services,and connectivity,we have proceeded to clarify strengths and weaknesses of technology development.Focusing on smart manufacturing,we identify a framework for the closed-loop application of trustworthy digital twins in multiple stages including smart design,production,service,and end-of-life recycling.Along with technology supply capabilities,this paper faces challenges in data security,model trust,controllable update process,and business application collaboration.Finally,we attempt to offer an application idea of trustworthy digital twin in the industry and to provide some idea enlightenment and reference solutions for a new paradigm of mass personalization development in smart manufacturing.