北美媒介环境学在中国的选择性译介及学术盲点——以麦克卢汉和哈弗洛克为例

Selective translation and academic blind spots of North American media ecology studies in China:Take McLuhan and Havelock as examples

媒介环境学缘起于北美。在中国,其萌芽和发展更多依靠译介,且主要在新闻传播学单一学术场域中进行。因此,在西方语境和学科滤镜的双重作用下,汉语世界的媒介环境学尚存在许多疏漏和盲点。本文以麦克卢汉和哈弗洛克为代表,探求该学派在中国学术场域中“被遗忘的声音”,通过追溯“全球剧场”“全球膜”以及媒介教育观、“口语-文字”观和媒介记忆观等思想,以点带面地从学科语境层面正视该派诞生的历史钩沉及其在中国的发展语境。同时文章结合对何道宽教授的深度访谈,反思在获取学术资源日渐便捷的当下,一些媒介环境学重要学者和作品至今仍在汉语世界乏人问津的原因,从而加深且拓展国内学者对媒介环境学的整体理解。

Media ecology has its origins in North America.In China,its germination and development relied more on translation,and was mainly conducted in the single academic field of journalism and communication.Therefore,under the double effect of western context and disciplinary filters,there are still many blind spots in media ecology studies in the Chinese world.This paper explores the“forgotten voices”of this school in the Chinese academic field,taking McLuhan and Havelock as representatives,through the ideas of“global theatre”,“global membrane”,media education,“orality-literacy”and media memory,it reviews the birth of its history and development context in China from a disciplinary perspective.At the same time,the article combines an in-depth interview with professor He Daokuan to reflect on the reasons why some important scholars and works of the school are still neglected in China today in condition of the acquisition of academic resources is becoming more and more convenient,so as to deepen and expand the overall understanding of media ecology studies among domestic scholars.