绝经后女性冠状动脉钙化患者的相关危险因素分析

Risk factor analysis of coronary artery calcification in postmenopausal women

目的:探讨影响绝经后女性患者发生冠状动脉钙化的相关危险因素。方法:选取2020年1月至2020年12月行冠状动脉CT血管造影术的121例绝经后女性患者。根据冠状动脉钙化评分(CACS)将所有患者分成钙化组(CACS>10分,57例)及非钙化组(CACS≤10分,64例)。对两组患者的一般资料进行比较,并检测所有患者的雌二醇、促黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、载脂蛋白A1(APOA1)、载脂蛋白A2(APOA2)、脂蛋白A、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)及低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平。同时,采用Logistic多因素回归分析影响绝经后女性冠状动脉钙化的危险因素。结果:与非钙化组比较,钙化组患者的年龄[(54±9)岁vs.(60±11)岁,t=3.031,P=0.003]、胆固醇[(5.2±0.5)mmol/L vs.(5.6±0.9)mmol/L,t=3.410,P=0.001]及LDL[(2.5±0.6)mmol/L vs.(3.0±0.7)mmol/L,t=3.790,P<0.001]水平显著升高,雌二醇[(26±19)ng/L vs.(17±11)ng/L,t=3.052,P=0.003]及脂蛋白A[(232±36)mg/L vs.(144±21)mg/L,t=2.047,P=0.043]水平均显著降低。Logistic回归分析表明,年龄[比值比(OR)=1.046,95%置信区间(CI)(1.001,1.094),P=0.047]及胆固醇[OR=2.040,95%CI(1.034,4.025),P=0.040]为绝经后女性冠状动脉钙化的危险因素,雌二醇则为绝经后女性冠状动脉钙化的保护因素[OR=0.993,95%CI(0.984,0.998),P=0.049]。结论:年龄及胆固醇水平为绝经后女性冠状动脉钙化的危险因素,雌二醇则为绝经后女性冠状动脉钙化的保护因素。

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of coronary artery calcification in postmenopausal women.Methods:A total of 121 postmenopausal women who underwent coronary CT angiography from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected in this study.According to the coronary artery calcification score(CACS),all patients were divided into a calcified group(CACS>10,n=57)and a non-calcified group(CACS≤10,n=64).The general data of the two groups were compared,and the estradiol,luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),apolipoprotein A1(APOA1),apolipoprotein A2(APOA2),lipoprotein A,cholesterol,high density lipoprotein(HDL)and low density lipoprotein(LDL)levels were detected in all patients.Meanwhile,the risk factors for coronary artery calcification in postmenopausal women were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results:In the calcified group,the age[(60±11)vs.(54±9),t=3.031,P=0.003],levels of cholesterol[(5.6±0.9)mmol/L vs.(5.2±0.5)mmol/L,t=3.410,P=0.001]and LDL[(3.0±0.7)mmol/L vs.(2.5±0.6)mmol/L,t=3.790,P<0.001]were much higher than those in the non-calcified group,while the levels of estradiol[(17±11)ng/L vs.(26±19)ng/L,t=3.052,P=0.003]and lipoprotein A[(144±21)mg/L vs.(232±6)mg/L,t=2.047,P=0.043]were much lower.The Logistic regression analysis revealed that age[odds ratio(OR)=1.046,95%confidence interval(CI)(1.001,1.094),P=0.047]and cholesterol[OR=2.040,95%CI(1.034,4.025),P=0.040]were risk factors for coronary artery calcification in postmenopausal women,while estradiol was a protective factor[OR=0.993,95%CI(0.984,0.998),P=0.049].Conclusion:Age and cholesterol are risk factors for coronary artery calcification in postmenopausal women,while estradiol is a protective factor.