云南腾冲市药用植物资源调查与分析

Investigation of Medicinal Plant Resources in Tengchong City, Yunnan Province

目的:掌握云南省腾冲市药用植物资源种类、分布现状和传统中医药知识使用情况。方法:通过对腾冲市野生药用植物、栽培药用植物和民族民间医生进行调查,结合文献资料,进行归纳与分析。结果:调查到腾冲市药用植物173科646属1 141种,其中有国家级和省级珍稀濒危药用植物13种;按药用植物的药用部位分为8类进行统计表明,以根及根茎类和全草类使用种数最多,分别占总种数的33.37%和25.48%;腾冲市药用植物栽培面积为10 670.11 hm^(2),涉及药用植物64种;调查民族民间医生9位,得到腾药民族民间验方52个。结论:腾冲市药用植物资源丰富,发展提升空间巨大;由于长期过度开发,亟需对蕴藏量少、利用价值高的药用资源进行保护和制定可持续开发利用策略。

Objective:In order to master the species and distribution of medicinal plant resources and the use of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge in Tengchong City,Yunnan province.Methods:Investigate the wild medicinal plants,cultivated medicinal plants and ethnic and folk doctors in Tengchong City,and combine the literature reference to summarize and analyze.Results:It was discovered that there were 1 141 species belonging to 646 genera 173 families of medicinal plants in Tengchong City,including 13 species of rare and endangered medicinal plants at the national and provincial levels.The roots/rhizomes and whole grasses were most widely used among 8 different medicinal parts in Tengchong City,accounting for 33.37%and 25.48%of the total species respectively.The cultivated area of medicinal plants in Tengchong City was 10 670.11 hm^(2),involving 64 species.Nine ethnic and folk doctors were investigated and 52 ethnic and folk prescriptions of tengyao were obtained.Conclusion:The medicinal plant resources in Tengchong City were abundant and the development and improvement space was huge.Due to long-term overexploitation,it was urgent to protect the medicinal resources with few reserves and high utilization value and formulate sustainable development and utilization strategies.