考虑供水和生态的梯级水库多目标均衡调配模型

Multi-objective equilibrium allocation model of cascade reservoirs considering water supply and ecology

为最大程度地发挥梯级水库群的综合效益,缓解山西省忻州至阳泉地区的水资源供需矛盾,以最大化发电、供水和生态效益为目标,提出了一种新型梯级水库群多目标均衡调配模型。通过构建分权重归一化适应度函数,设置3种模拟场景,均衡分配各目标的权重;建立水资源分配协调机制,评价各产业对水资源的利用潜力,均衡分配供水量;采用自适应非线性进化参数、最优个体备份策略、最陡爬山法等方法改进文化基因算法,求解不同来水条件下的调配方案,并与现有主流算法求解的方案进行对比。结果表明:该调配模型在不同来水条件下均能降低供水和生态缺水率,年缺水率最高不超过15%,并同时提高年发电总量20%以上。研究成果可为研究区域水资源均衡调配提供参考。

In order to maximize the comprehensive benefits of Pingshang-Longhuakou cascade reservoirs and alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in Xinzhou-Yangquan water demand areas in Shanxi Province, a new multi-objective equilibrium allocation model of cascade reservoirs is proposed, which aims at maximizing power generation benefits, water supply benefits and ecological benefits.This model uses a decentralized renormalization fitness function and sets three simulation scenarios to distribute the weight of each goal evenly.The model also establishes a coordination mechanism of water resources allocation, which focuses on the evaluation of the utilization potential of various industries in Xinzhou-Yangquan areas, to distribute water supply in a balanced manner.The memetic algorithm is improved by using adaptive nonlinear evolution parameters, optimal individual backup strategy and the steepest mountain climbing method to find the optimal water allocation scheme.Then, it is used to calculate the allocation schemes under the different incoming water conditions and compared with the results obtained by existing mainstream algorithms.The results show that the model can reduce the water shortage rate of water supply and ecology under different water inflow conditions.The maximum annual water shortage rate is no more than 15%.It can also increase the total annual power generation by at least 20%.The research results can provide reference for the equilibrium allocation of water resources in the study areas.