中国现代文学批评理性精神的建构--论鲁迅等现代文学家对勃兰兑斯的发现与理论开掘

The Construction of Rational Spirit in Modern Chinese Literary Criticism:On the Discovery and Theoretical Development of Brandeis by Lu Xun and Other Modern Writers

丹麦文学批评家勃兰兑斯在中国现代文学批评的理性精神建构中发挥了重要作用,这得益于鲁迅等中国现代文学家对勃兰兑斯的发现与理论开掘,主要表现在三个方面:一是鲁迅等现代文学家出于对本民族文学遗产、文学现实和外国文学现象的理性批判而接近勃兰兑斯,通过一系列论述建立了中国现代文学批评的理性规范;二是中国现代文学家从勃兰兑斯那里获得了批评的方法、部分文化和批评资源,领悟到理性地接受外国文学的重要性和理性地对待这种文化和批评资源的批评精神;三是中国现代文学观念中的关键词“人生”是鲁迅等现代文学家接受勃兰兑斯影响的一个理论亮点。其他还有对勃兰兑斯“摩罗”精神的吸收、观念体系的参考、批评理论策略的借鉴等。

Danish literary critic Brandeis has played an essential role in constructing the rational spirit of modern Chinese literary criticism. It is due to the discovery and theoretical exploration of Brandeis by modern writers such as Lu Xun, mainly reflected in three aspects: first, modern writers such as Lu Xun approached Brandeis out of the rational criticism of their national literary heritage and literary reality, and their rational judgment of foreign literary phenomena, and established a rational norm for modern Chinese literary criticism through a series of discussions. Second, modern Chinese writers have obtained from Brandeis the method of criticism and some cultural and critical resources, realized the importance of rational acceptance of foreign literature, and understood the critical spirit of rational treatment of the foregoing resources. Third, the keyword “life” in the concept of modern Chinese literature is also a theoretical highlight of Lu Xun and other modern writers’ acceptance of Brandeis’ influence. The absorption of Brandeis’ s “Moro” spirit, the reference to the concept system, and the reference to the critical theory strategy are also covered.