从“解决纠纷”到“规则治理”——法律思维视角下法律修辞的司法功能转换探析

From Dispute Resolution to Rule Governance——Analyzing on the Judicial Function Transformation of Legal Rhetoric from the Perspective of Legal Cogitation

我国法律修辞的司法运用出现了过分重视纠纷解决而轻视规则治理的情形,这种情形出现的根源在于我国法律思维并未真正形成。法律思维形成需以“法的世界”与“现实世界”的分离统合为基础,只有如此,“意见”才具有确定性根基,法律修辞活动才会以理性论辩的方式展开。但在我国裁判思维中,“法的世界”与“现实世界”混沌合一,法律思维并未完全形成,以致法律修辞不以理性论辩为基础,而多采用信息话语进行说服。我国法律修辞的司法运用要实现从“解决纠纷”到“规则治理”的功能转换,需要通过强化法律的知识属性、树立价值判断以法律事实为根基的法律意识、构建更为合理的裁判程序等来为“意见”提供理性根据,以促使“法的世界”与“现实世界”从混沌合一走向分离统合。

The judicial application of legal rhetoric in our country is faced with the situation of over-emphasizing dispute resolution and ignoring the rules.The root of this situation is that our legal thinking has not really formed.The formation of legal thinking needs to be based on the separation and integration of the"world of law"and the"real world".Only in this way could"opinions"have a certain foundation,and legal rhetorical activities will be carried out in a rational way.However,in China’s referee thinking,the"world of law"and the"real world"are united in chaos.Legal thinking is not fully formed,Leading to the fact that legal rhetoric is not based on rational argumentation,but on information discourse persuasion.To fulfill the transformation,we shall strengthen the knowledge attribute of the law,establish value judgments based on legal facts,and construct more reasonable referee procedures,so as to provide a rational foundation for"opinions",and to promote the separation of the"world of law"and"real world"from chaos.