学术金字塔中的“她力量”:高校工科女性教师科研自我效能感研究

The "She Power" in the Academic Pyramid:Research on Female Engineering Faculty’s Research Self-Efficacy

高校女性教师是科技人才队伍的重要组成部分,是我国科技事业十分重要的力量,然而这一群体仍面临着人数较少、职业发展遭遇瓶颈、生育友好型环境有待提升等困境。研究基于科研自我效能感理论,运用混合研究方法,对上海6所高校204位工科女性教师开展问卷调查,并辅之以质性访谈,探索工科女性教师科研自我效能感现状及其影响因素。研究发现:工科女性教师的科研概念化能力、执行和汇报能力自我效能感水平相对较高;日均照顾子女和长辈的时间、对自身的领导能力和担任领导职位的自信程度等因素均对其科研自我效能感产生显著正向影响。基于上述结果,研究从国家和高校两个层面对工科女性教师人才的支持政策提出建议。

Female engineering faculty is an important part of Chinese colleges and universities. However, this group is now facing difficulties such as low representation and obstacles in academic and professional development.Based on Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy and the results of a questionnaire survey on 204 female engineering faculty from six universities in Shanghai, this paper used a mixed-method to explore the current situation and influencing factors of female engineering faculty’s research self-efficacy. The study found that female engineering faculty at universities had relatively high levels of research self-efficacy in conceptualization, implementation, and representation ability. Some factors were positively correlated with female engineering faculty’s research self-efficacy, including their average time spent on taking care of children and parents, confidence in their leadership,etc. Suggestions on support policy of engineering faculty are proposed at both national and institutional levels.