印度高等教育大规模扩张中公平与质量的冲突及其根源

The Conflict and Causes between Equity and Quality in the Large-Scale Expansion of Indian Higher Education

印度自独立之初就将起点公平作为教育发展战略,大规模扩张高等教育规模,目前印度高等教育机构数量全球第一。“量”的急剧扩充导致“质”的持续下滑;片面追求起点公平忽视过程公平和结果公平,使得不同性别、阶层、区域和贫富之间的教育不公平问题加剧。印度高等教育公平与质量冲突的根源在于社会阶层割裂阻滞弱势群体的教育意识,高等教育平庸化导致优质教育匮乏,管理体系羸弱使政策成效不彰。印度要实现高等教育高质量公平道阻且长。

India has taken the equity of starting point as its educational development strategy since its independence, which has led to the large-scale expansion of higher education. Nowadays, the Indian higher education system is the largest in the world in terms of the number of institutions. The dramatic expansion of quantity has brought constant decline in quality. The government only focuses on the opportunity of the starting point equity but ignores the fairness in the process and outcome, which makes for the educational inequality issue increasing cross gender, social classes, areas, and income levels. The causes of this conflict are the separation of social strata which is a barrier to the education consciousness in vulnerable people, at the same time, the lack of high-quality education resources caused by the mediocrity of higher education, and the serious deviation in the process of policy implementation by the weak management system. There is a long way to go to achieve high-quality higher education equity for India.