司法人工智能运用背景下的被告人质证权保障

Protection of the Defendant’s Right to Cross-Examination in the Context of the Application of Artifi cial Intelligence in Judiciary

在内外驱动力的作用下,尽管尚有缺陷,但司法人工智能的广泛运用已成现实。然而司法人工智能的运用可能给被告人的质证权带来影响,导致前提性障碍、程序性难题和实质性困境。为协调司法人工智能运用与被告人质证权保护的需求,需坚守控辩平等与审判中立原则,重新确认针对质证的直接言词原则,并对公开质证规则做必要调整。在此基础上,可以从加强对被告人质证权的信息保障、能力保障和效果保障三方面着手,使被告人的质证权得以有效行使,实现司法人工智能运用与被告人质证权保障的协调。

Under the influence of internal and external driving forces,although there are some shortcomings,the widespread use of artifi cial intelligence in judiciary has become a reality.However,the use of artifi cial intelligence in judiciary may have an impact on the defendant’s right to cross-examination,causing prerequisite obstacles,procedural difficulties and substantive dilemmas.In order to coordinate the application of artificial intelligence in judiciary and the protection of the defendant’s right to crossexamination,it is necessary to adhere to the principle of equality of prosecution and defense and neutrality of trial,reconfi rm the principle of direct trial and verbal trial,and make necessary adjustments to the rules of public cross-examination.On this basis,we can work on strengthening the information guarantee,ability guarantee and ef fect guarantee of the defendant’s right of cross-examination,to make sure the right can be ef fectively exercised.Thus,the coordination of the use of artifi cial intelligence in judiciary and the guarantee of the defendant’s right of cross-examination can be realized.