基于(D,U)控制策略的港口群空箱存储与调运联合优化

Inventory-repositioning integrated optimization of empty container in port group based on(D,U)control strategy

针对区域港口群内陆公共腹地的空箱供需状况,构建多港口、多周期空箱存储与调运联合优化混合整数规划模型,利用马尔科夫决策过程与动态规划相结合的方法,在(D,U)库存控制策略下对港口群内各港口的空箱库存保有量区间进行动态优化,以此为基础对港口群公共腹地和各港口间的空箱调运方案进行优化,并以辽宁沿海港口群--东北腹地为对象进行实证分析.实验结果表明,(D,U)控制策略下的空箱调运能够为船公司节省15.22%的总成本.选取公共腹地数量、公共腹地和港口空箱需求量、单位租箱成本以及单位库存成本进行灵敏度分析,进而验证(D,U)控制策略能够削弱船公司在外界环境发生变化时受到的影响.

In view of the supply and demand situation of empty containers in the inland public hinterland of regional port groups,a multi-port and multi-stage mixed integer programming model considering inventory-repositioning integrated optimization of empty containers is established,and a combination of Markov decision-making process and dynamic planning is used under the(D,U)inventory control strategy,and on the basis of dynamic optimization of the empty container inventory holding interval of each port in the port group,the scheme of empty container repositioning between the public hinterland of the port group and the port is optimized,and the empirical analysis is carried out with the Liaoning coastal port group-northeast hinterland as the object.The results show that the empty container repositioning under the(D,U)control strategy can save the shipping company 15.22%of the total cost.The sensitivity analysis of the quantity of public hinterland,the demand of empty container in public hinterland and port,the cost of unit rental container and the cost of unit inventory is selected,and the(D,U)control strategy can be verified to reduce the influence of shipping companies when the external environment changes.