肾结石行经皮肾镜取石术的临床应用及术后尿源性脓毒血症发生的危险因素分析

Clinical application of percutaneous nephrolithotomy for kidney stones and risk factors for postoperative urogenic sepsis

泌尿系统结石是临床中常见的泌尿系统疾病,结石常见于肾、膀胱、尿道等位置,以肾脏和输尿管最为常见。经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)因其创伤小、术后恢复快、住院时间短等优势,该技术已成为泌尿结石手术中不可或缺的重要术式。术后常出现一系列的并发症,包括发热、出血以及尿源性脓毒血症等。尿源性脓毒血症是PCNL围术期最常见的死亡原因,尽管临床上对于手术患者均会给予抗生素预防性治疗,但无法完全避免尿源性脓毒血症的发生。本文拟对近年来PCNL的临床应用以及其严重并发症尿源性脓毒血症发生的相关影响因素进行综述。

Urological stones are a common urinary disease in clinical practice,and they are commonly seen in the kidney,bladder,urethra,and other locations,with the kidney and ureters being the most common.Percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)has become an important technique for urological stones,with the advances of small trauma,rapid postoperative recovery,and short time of hospitalization.However,some complications are often present after PCNL,including fever,bleeding,and urogenic sepsis.Urinogenic sepsis is the most common cause of death in the perioperative period.Although prophylactic antibiotic treatment is given clinically for surgical patients,the occurrence of urinary sepsis cannot be completely avoided.This paper will review the clinical application of PCNL in recent years and the factors affecting the occurrence of urinary sepsis,a serious complication of PCNL.