microRNA与老年性骨关节炎

Research progress on microRNA in the treatment of senile osteoarthritis

骨关节炎是老年人群最常见的关节疾病之一,其发病机制至今仍未阐明。microRNA是一种负性调控基因表达的小双链RNA,通过参与信号通路转导以及细胞凋亡、衰老、自体吞噬等生物学过程,在软骨细胞的分化、发育和稳态中发挥着关键作用。大量研究表明,正常关节软骨和老年性骨关节炎软骨细胞中多个microRNA的表达存在差异,且在动物模型中关节腔内传递治疗性microRNA已被证明可以减轻老年性骨关节炎,因此某些特定microRNA已被认为可作为老年性骨关节炎的循环生物标志物和新的治疗策略。但限于各研究群体和数量的差异,以及检测方法和范围的差异,研究结果尚需进一步验证,如何将其转化为老年性骨关节炎的治疗手段将是下一步的研究重点。

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common joint diseases in the elderly,but there are still many unresolved problems in the detailed pathogenesis.MicroRNA are small double-stranded RNA that negatively regulate gene expression,and play a key role in the differentiation,development and homeostasis of chondrocytes by participating in biological processes such as signaling pathway transduction,apoptosis and senescence,and autophagy.Numerous studies have shown that there are significant differences in the expression of microRNA in normal articular cartilage and senile osteoarthritis chondrocytes,and in animal models,intra-articular delivery of therapeutic microRNA has been shown to alleviate senile osteoarthritis,so some specific microRNA have been proposed as a circulating biomarker and novel therapeutic strategy for senile osteoarthritis.However,due to the differences in the groups and numbers of patients in each study,as well as the differences in the methods and scope of detection techniques,the results still need to be further verified.How to transform it into the treatment of senile osteoarthritis will be the next research focus in the future.