新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行对深圳市青年人群膳食习惯改变意愿的影响

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the willingness to change dietary habits among young adults in Shenzhen,China

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)大流行对深圳市青年人群膳食习惯改变意愿的影响.方法2020年3月26-27日,采用匿名式网络方便抽样方法对深圳市22459名15~45岁的居民进行问卷调查.问卷包括基本人口学信息、疫情对个人的主观影响程度、疫情前的膳食习惯和疫情期间膳食习惯的改变意愿.采用多元线性回归模型分析膳食习惯改变意愿的影响因素.结果调查对象平均年龄(27.9±7.8)岁,其膳食改变意愿的平均得分为2.17分[得分范围为(-9~9)分],其中,女性、年龄≥35岁、本科及以上学历、已婚、非医务工作者、体质量指数(BMI)为(18.5~23.9)kg/m^(2)者的平均得分较高,分别为2.84、2.96、2.52、2.70、2.19、2.34(P<0.05).多因素分析显示,疫情对个人的主观影响(包括对疫情的关注度、疫情对心理的影响、疫情对工作或学习的影响)较高者,以及女性、高年龄、高文化程度、已婚、非医务工作者、BMI正常者的膳食习惯改变意愿得分更高.结论COVID-19大流行期间,深圳市青年人群总体上呈现改善膳食习惯的意愿,应加强合理膳食的健康教育和促进工作.个体主观影响程度、性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业和BMI是影响改变意愿的因素.

Objective To investigate the impact of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic on the willingness to change dietary habits among young adults in Shenzhen.Methods With an anonymous network sampling method,we conducted a questionnaire survey among 22,459 residents aged 15 to 45 years living in Shenzhen in March 2020.The questionnaire included socio-demographic information,subjective impact of the epidemic on individuals,and willingness to change dietary habits due to COVID-19.Multivariable linear regression model was used to analyzed the influencing factors of willingness to change dietary habits.Results Average age of the subjects was 27.9±7.8 years old.The mean score of willingness to change dietary habits was 2.17(ranges from-9 to 9).Among them,the female,≥35 years old people,with bachelor degree or above education,married,non-medical staff,and with BMI of(18.5~23.9)kg/m^(2) had a good performance of the score,which were 2.84,2.96,2.52,2.70,2.19 and 2.34,respectively(P<0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic(epidemic concern,impact of psychology,impact of work or study)are associated with a higher score of willingness to change dietary habits among female,the older,non-medical worker,and individuals married or with higher education level,normal BMI.Conclusions After experiencing the impact of COVID-19,there was a positive improvement on the willingness to adopt a proper diet among young adults in Shenzhen.We should strengthen the health education and promotion of reasonable diet.Individual subjective influence,gender,age,education level,occupation,marital status and BMI are the factors that influence the willingness.